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Crise humanitaire dans l’Est de la RDC : le CICR et la Croix-Rouge expliquent aux journalistes du Nord et Sud-Kivu le DIH

Dans un contexte de crises humanitaires persistantes dans l’Est de la République démocratique du Congo, le Comité international de la Croix-Rouge (CICR), en collaboration avec la Croix-Rouge de la RDC, a organisé du 19 au 20 février 2026 à Goma un atelier de formation sur le Droit international humanitaire (DIH) à l’intention des journalistes du Nord et du Sud-Kivu, membres du REPLAM-NSK.

L’objectif était de renforcer leurs connaissances sur les règles applicables en période de conflits armés et sur les enjeux liés à la couverture médiatique des situations humanitaires.

Grâce à son statut d’intermédiaire neutre, le CICR travaille à l’application fidèle du droit international humanitaire applicable dans les conflits armés et reçoit toute plainte au sujet des violations alléguées de ce droit. 

Renforcer la compréhension du DIH

Selon Sarah Ménard, conseillère juridique au CICR basée à Goma, l’atelier visait à créer un espace d’échange autour des principes fondamentaux du DIH et du rôle des médias en contexte de guerre.

« Nous venons de clôturer notre atelier de formation avec les journalistes. L’objectif était d’échanger sur la question du Droit international humanitaire, mais aussi sur certains enjeux liés à la couverture des conflits armés en RDC », a-t-elle déclaré.

Les participants ont notamment été outillés sur les principes fondamentaux qui régissent la conduite des hostilités, notamment la distinction, la proportionnalité et la précaution. Les formateurs ont également rappelé le rôle des Conventions de Genève de 1949 et de leurs protocoles additionnels dans la protection des civils et des biens à caractère civil.

« Même en période de conflit, une part d’humanité doit être préservée. Le DIH vise précisément à limiter les effets de la guerre afin de protéger les personnes qui ne participent pas ou plus aux hostilités », a souligné Sarah Ménard. Un rappel qui revient sur la nécessité pour les parties au conflit d’observer le principe d’humanité.

Un contexte marqué par des conflits prolongés

Depuis plus de trois décennies, les provinces du Nord-Kivu et du Sud-Kivu sont confrontées à des conflits armés récurrents. Les populations civiles, en particulier les femmes et les enfants, demeurent les premières victimes des violences de tout genre.

Dans ce contexte, les organisateurs estiment que le rôle des journalistes est déterminant dans la diffusion d’informations responsables et dans la vulgarisation des règles du droit international humanitaire.

Boyongo Kaya, responsable de la communication publique du CICR à Goma, explique que la formation répondait à une demande du Réseau de Plaidoyer pour les Médias du Nord et Sud-Kivu.

« Les raisons qui nous ont poussé à accepter votre demande, c’est que vous êtes sur le terrain, et dans votre travail de tous les jours, vous avez l’habitude de couvrir les évènements, des situations que vous racontez à votre manière.

Nous avons donc estimé que, les participants ou la catégorie qui nous a demandé cette formation a vraiment besoin d’être outillée sur un certain nombre des notions pour être à même d’assurer une bonne couverture des situations humanitaires. »

Médias et protection des civils

L’atelier a également abordé la question du traitement médiatique des personnes détenues en période de conflit, des prisonniers de guerre, de conduite des hostilités en insistant sur le respect de la dignité humaine. Les formateurs ont rappelé le caractère imprescriptible des crimes internationaux résultant de violations graves du DIH.

Au total, 25 journalistes venus des territoires de Kalehe, Kabare, Mwenga, Walungu et Idjwi (Sud-Kivu), ainsi que de Masisi, Rutshuru, Nyiragongo et Lubero (Nord-Kivu), ont pris part à cette formation.

À l’issue de deux journées d’atelier de formation, les participants se sont engagés à promouvoir et diffuser les règles du DIH dans leurs productions médiatiques.

« Pendant les conflits, l’information peut être une forme d’assistance humanitaire. Notre rôle est de contribuer à la protection des populations à travers une information responsable », a déclaré Daniel Sematsi, l’un des Participants.

Selon les organisateurs, une meilleure connaissance du droit international humanitaire par les professionnels des médias peut contribuer à limiter la désinformation, renforcer la protection des civils et faciliter l’accès des acteurs humanitaires aux populations vulnérables.

LUKEKA M NATHANAËL 

By La Rédaction

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525 thoughts on “Crise humanitaire dans l’Est de la RDC : le CICR et la Croix-Rouge expliquent aux journalistes du Nord et Sud-Kivu le DIH”

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